Diet for pancreatitis is the main factor in the success of treatment, therefore, adherence to dietary restrictions makes it possible to lead a satisfying life and reduce the likelihood of relapses.
Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreatic tissue, which is accompanied by impaired secretion of digestive enzymes, severe pain, stool changes and vomiting. This leads to pathological metabolic disorders and can lead to the development of diabetes mellitus. The main factors for the onset of pancreatitis are: overeating, abuse of fatty foods and alcohol.
It is important to follow a diet for pancreatitis for a long time. Acute inflammation requires dietary restriction for 6-9 months, whereas in chronic pancreatitis, diet is adhered to for several years or for life.
Power features
The approach to prescribing a diet for pancreatitis depends on whether the inflammation is in an acute or chronic form. Doctors note the positive effect of diet on pancreatitis. This allows you to quickly cope with acute inflammation, avoid complications and prolong the period of remission in chronic processes.
Diet features:
- Within 2-3 days after an attack of acute pancreatitis, you should completely refuse food. Thus, rest is provided for the pancreas. Therapeutic fasting involves the use of fluids in the form of non-carbonated alkaline mineral water, weakly brewed tea or rosehip infusion, one glass 5-6 times a day.
- On the fourth day after the start of therapeutic fasting, the gradual introduction of solid foods into the diet begins. As a rule, these are low-calorie foods without salt, which gradually increase the secretion of gastric juice.
- With pancreatitis, how you prepare food matters. It is advisable to cook on steam, as food prepared in this way retains all the necessary substances and does not damage the digestive tract.
- Food should not be cold or hot, the optimal temperature is close to body temperature. In this case, the food should be grated or semi-liquid.
- Diets for pancreatitis limit the consumption of even diet foods. They eat small portions at least five times a day.
The diet does not include food:
- fatty;
- fry;
- hot sauces and spices;
- sour juice;
- canned food, pickles;
- smoked meat;
- confectionery;
- chocolate, chocolate;
- alcohol.
The energy value of such food should be at the level of 2500 kcal.
The disadvantage of such a diet is an acute shortage of raw plant foods. Some components need to be compensated for by taking vitamin complexes and dietary supplements.
Diet for acute pancreatitis
Diet in the treatment of pancreatitis is an integral part of therapy. During exacerbations, attacks are accompanied by severe pain in the stomach and lack of appetite, therefore, the first few days of medical fasting do not cause suffering to the patient.
Next, low-calorie diet foods are gradually introduced into the diet. It can be dry raw bread, berry and jelly fruit drinks, oatmeal and thick rice stew, liquid mashed potatoes without oil. At this time, it is recommended to exclude products that contribute to gas formation.
On the 6-7th day, protein dishes are gradually introduced: steamed meat, mashed potatoes or pudding from vegetables, steamed protein omelet.
It should be noted that the diet requires long-term adherence to dietary restrictions. For 6-9 months, you need to strictly follow the rules and monitor your diet every day.
The course of the disease can have certain characteristics, therefore, gastroenterologists and nutritionists are involved in the appointment of a diet. Specialists of this profile determine what can be eaten in the diet for pancreatitis for each particular patient, taking comorbidities into account.
After the acute period of the disease subsides, you can significantly diversify your menu with simple and healthy products. It should be noted that the amount of food should be at least four, while the volume of fluids drunk is about 1. 5 liters per day.
Sample menus:
- Breakfast: semolina porridge (rice) cooked in water; Apple; weakly brewed green tea with a spoonful of honey.
- Second breakfast: steamed chicken breast slices; carrot pulp; rosehip fruit stew.
- Lunch: vegetable broth with beef or fish; Mashed potato; white bread croutons; skinless baked apples.
- Afternoon snack: low-fat cottage cheese; green tea with a spoonful of honey.
- Dinner>: steamed protein omelet from three chicken eggs; mashed potatoes from dietary vegetables; white bread croutons.
- Before bed: condensed milk.
With diet, the symptoms and treatment of pancreatitis are relieved. Such nutrition saves the pancreas and gradually normalizes its work. The well-being of the patient will depend on how strictly he adheres to the diet. Any disturbances in the diet are immediately reflected in the digestive function.
Diet for chronic pancreatitis
Chronic pancreatitis most often develops against the background of an acute condition, but can also occur as a primary disease if it is a complication of other diseases.
Diet and treatment for pancreatitis are two inseparable concepts. Even during remission, dietary guidelines must be adhered to.
Diet rules for chronic pancreatitis:
- The calorie content of food during this period should be commensurate with daily physical activity.
- Much attention is paid to the protein content of food. Turkey, chicken, rabbit, beef, lean pork, and fish are allowed.
- It is not allowed to include lamb, fatty pork, goose, duck and game dishes in the diet.
- Heat treatment of food does not allow frying, baking in the oven, boiling. Food should be cooked in a double boiler or boiled.
- Cheese, which was previously banned at the aggravation stage, is now allowed in small quantities, but it is advisable to replace milk with fermented milk products.
- The diet should include vegetable protein, which is represented by yesterday's cereals and breads, while it is necessary to take into account that legumes should be completely excluded during a diet with pancreatitis.
- The total amount of carbohydrates should not exceed 350 g per day. They are found in pasta, cereals, honey, sweets and syrups.
Approximate diet menu for chronic pancreatitis:
- Breakfast: boiled rabbit meat; rice porridge.
- Late breakfast: low-fat cottage cheese; Honey-free baked apples.
- Lunch: buckwheat soup; boiled or steamed fish with vegetables; dried fruit compote.
- Afternoon snack: steamed cutlets with vegetable sauce.
- Dinner: veal, unsweetened curd pudding; weak tea.
- Before bed: kefir.
The food is fractional and in small portions. Food should be served warm at intervals of about three hours.
Salt and spices cause an increase in the secretion of enzymes in the digestive tract, so their amounts should be kept to a minimum. In addition, sour, smoked foods, baked goods and sour cream, as well as chocolate, have a similar effect. Sweet foods can cause complications such as diabetes mellitus, so that their content in food is reduced by up to 90%.